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Julian Seymour Clifford (b. London, 28 September 1877; d. Hastings, 27 December 1921) was an English conductor, composer and pianist particularly associated with the orchestras at Harrogate and Hastings, which he carried to a high level of accomplishment, introducing new works by English composers and encouraging soloists of national standing to perform in the provinces. His wife, the Hon. Mrs Julian Clifford, was a soprano singer. After his early death his example was followed by their son, also Julian Clifford (born 1903), who was a composer and a conductor working for Decca Records in early days, and championed works by English composers. ==Julian Clifford senior== Julian Seymour Clifford (the son of Thomas Clifford of Tonbridge, Kent〔(Descendants of Henry VII, Alan G Freer ).〕) was educated at Ardingly College, Tonbridge School, the Leipzig Conservatory (under Józef Śliwiński and Sir Walter Parratt) and the Royal College of Music. After terms as conductor of the Birmingham Symphony Orchestra and the Yorkshire Permanent Orchestra in Leeds, he became musical director to the Corporations of Harrogate (Yorkshire) and Eastbourne (Sussex). He frequently conducted in London, and was considered a particularly fine conductor of Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky's music.〔Eaglefield-Hull, ''A Dictionary of Modern Music and Musicians'' (Dent, London 1924).〕 Clifford performed his own piano solo compositions, ''Three Episodes'' and ''Grand Valse Caprice'', in a concert in Doncaster in 1899.〔Philip L Scowcroft, 'Some British Conductor-Composers, Part 2', (Music on the web ).〕 On 17 December 1902 he married the Hon. Alice Margaret Mary Henniker-Major (b. 23 May 1870), daughter of the 5th Baron Henniker and 2nd Baron Hartismere (formerly MP for East Suffolk and Lieutenant Governor of the Isle of Man, who died in 1902).〔(Paul Theroff's Royal Genealogy site (Gotha), Clifford )〕 The Hon. Mrs (Margaret) Clifford was an accomplished soprano singer. Their son Julian Major Herbert Henniker Clifford was born in 1903 and their daughter Margaret in 1912.〔Paul Theroff, as above.〕 Clifford, who was considered a musical 'phenomenon', as General Entertainment Manager to the Harrogate Spa took over the Harrogate Orchestra from C.L. Naylor in 1906, with a budget of £3,500 to spend on the orchestra. He built it into a fine ensemble, attracting such artists as Fritz Kreisler, Nellie Melba, Ferruccio Busoni, Ignacy Paderewski and Anna Pavlova. The fully professional orchestra moved to Hastings for the winter seasons, an arrangement which continued until 1930.〔Neil Richmond, in (Harrogate Band history webpage ).〕 Clifford was also conductor of the Westminster Orchestral Society in 1906-7.〔R. Elkin, ''Queen's Hall 1893–1941'' (Rider & Co 1944, p 104).〕 Clifford worked closely with his friend and colleague Ernest Farrar, a pupil of Charles Villiers Stanford's. In October 1914 at the first Yorkshire production of the 1913 William Russell film ''Tannhauser'' Clifford and Farrar arranged the accompanying music.〔(Music web International ).〕 In 1904 the Cliffords were assisting Mrs Patrick Campbell in a concert at the Harrogate Kursaal (Royal Hall). In August 1911 the Harrogate orchestra gave the first provincial performance of Elgar's 2nd Symphony.〔Neil Richmond, (Harrogate Band website ).〕 In July 1913 Clifford conducted Zygmunt Stojowski in a performance of his 1st Piano concerto.〔See (Stojowski article ).〕 The Orchestra's quality attracted other conductors, notably Ralph Vaughan Williams, who gave the second performance of his ''A London Symphony'' with them in August 1914.〔Neil Richmond, cited above.〕 In August 1915 Mrs Julian Clifford gave one of the earliest declamations of Edward Elgar's ''Carillon''. A month later was given the first Harrogate performance of Beethoven's Ninth Symphony, with the new Harrogate Municipal Choir led by Farrar, and conducted by Clifford, together with his own ''Ode to New Year''.〔See abstract of artists appearing at the Kursaal, Harrogate, by Malcolm Neesom and Michael Hine, (Classical Music Guide forum ).〕 In October 1916, Clifford conducted the Birmingham Symphony Orchestra at the Town Hall, in a programme including Friedemann's ''Slavonic Rhapsody'' and John Foulds's ''Keltic Suite'', which were said to have been 'presented with fine precision and due observation of gradation of light and shade.'〔Musical Times, December 1916: see (British Classical Music John Foulds page ).〕 During 1915 Gerald Finzi moved from London to Harrogate. Julian Clifford recommended to him to study composition with Ernest Farrar, who was a friend of Frank Bridge, Clive Carey and Vaughan Williams. It is stated that Finzi and Farrar had a strong mutual respect and that Farrar nurtured his talent.〔Richard Michael Jupin, ('Gerald Finzi and John Ireland: A Stylistic Comparison of Compositional Approaches...', Doctor of Musical Arts Dissertation, Louisiana State University, 2005, PDF page 20 )〕 Farrar died in 1918, and at a concert dedicated to his memory, at Harrogate 17 September 1919, Clifford conducted the first performance of his own work, the tone-poem 'Lights Out'.〔Musical Times 1 November 1919, p. 621. See (''Musical Times'' )〕 Other compositions include a Piano Concerto in E minor, a Ballade in D for orchestra, a Suite de Concert, and the song-cycle ''A Dream of Flowers''.〔Philip Scowcroft, cited above.〕 Julian Seymour Clifford died in December 1921 aged only 44 and the Hon. Mrs Clifford died in July 1923. The Harrogate Orchestra then continued its daily concerts and weekly symphony concerts under Howard Carr (until 1924), and then under Basil Cameron.〔Neil Richmond, cited above.〕 Julian Clifford senior, conducting at the Kursaal, appears in a silhouette of 1919 by Harry Lawrence Oakley.〔(Science and Society Picture Library, Julian Clifford 1919 ).〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Julian Clifford」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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